INTRODUCTION
THERMODYNAMICS
Thermodynamics is the science that deals with heat and work and those properties of substance that bear a relation to heat and work.
Thermodynamics is the study of the
patterns of energy change. Most of this course will be concerned with
understanding the patterns of energy change.
More specifically, thermodynamics deals with (a) energy conversion and
(b) the direction of change.
Basis of thermodynamics is
experimental observation. In that sense it is an empirical science. The
principles of thermodynamics are summarized in the form of four laws known as
zeroth, first, second, and the third laws of thermodynamics.
The zeroth law of
thermodynamics deals with thermal equilibrium and provides a means of measuring
temperature.
The first law of
thermodynamics deals with the conservation of energy and introduces the concept
of internal energy.
The second law of
thermodynamics dictates the limits on the conversion of heat into work and
provides the yard stick to measure the performance of various processes. It
also tells whether a particular process is feasible or not and specifies the
direction in which a process will proceed. As a consequence it also introduces
the concept of entropy.
The third law defines the
absolute zero of entropy.
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